Critique and Examination of the Kaysanite Origin Theory of Ahl-e Haqq

Abstract

This research systematically and deeply investigates the doctrinal connections between the Kaysanite sect and the Ahl-e Haqq movement. Methodologically, the study is based on a critical content analysis of primary texts and a comparative examination of the views of Islamic theologians and sectarian scholars. Using a descriptive-analytical research approach and relying on first-hand theological, sectarian, and historical sources, this study seeks to answer the fundamental question: Does the claim of Ahl-e Haqq’s influence by or schism from the Kaysanites have a solid scholarly and historical basis?

To achieve this objective, the present research critically examines five key doctrinal aspects:

1. The theory of divine incarnation (ḥulūl al-dhātī),

2. The belief in the embodiment of angels,

3. The doctrine of metempsychosis (tanāsukh al-rūḥ),

4. The belief in triple imamate,

5. The hermeneutical approach to worship.

The findings indicate that, despite some superficial similarities, fundamental differences in theological foundations, historical development, organizational structure, and ritual practices between the two movements pose serious challenges to the claim of their interconnection